`` Apple Removes All American Civil War Games From The App...

The Right to be Offended The term politically correct first appeared in the 1960’s and from then it has evolved far beyond its originally purposes. In his article â€Å"Apple Removes All American Civil War Games From the App Store Because of the Confederate Flag†, Tasos Lazarides informs people about Apple’s decision to remove the imagery of the Confederate Battle Flag the author does not take a strong position in the argument. He uses the article more for informational purposes, as opposed to using the article for an argument. Recently there has been uproar over the use of the Confederate Battle Flag. People find it offensive and therefore, it is being taken down everywhere. The flag is historical and does carry connotations; however, that is†¦show more content†¦In the past few years, during the holiday season, â€Å"happy holidays† can be heard instead of the traditional â€Å"merry Christmas.† This is because some people find the term m erry Christmas offensive. As a result, the use of the term is frowned upon, unless it is within a religious setting. This is an example of political correctness encroaching on people’s first amendment rights. Even though it is still legal to say merry Christmas there is an aura of judgement that goes along with it. Over time it seems like the ban upon any speech that anyone finds offensive will be implemented. Not so fast, according to the USA today there is a resistance to outlandish political correctness. People seem to be bothered by the disingenuous salutation â€Å"happy holidays†: Ninety-five percent insist they are not offended by being greeted with a Merry Christmas while shopping, but greet them with a Happy Holidays, and 46% claim to take offense.† (‘Merry Christmas’ Is Favored Greeting). In the past it has not been completely appropriate for people to use â€Å"merry Christmas†; however, now it appears that people find it better fo r a few to be slightly offended than for traditions to be broken. People’s resistance to political correctness protects their first amendment rights and continues American traditions. Political

A Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens - 1363 Words

Tale of Two Cities A Tale of Two Cities is a 19th century novel that conveys the terror of the French Revolution through the story of the Manette and Darnay family. Charles Dickens intertwined characters throughout the novel to convey the equivocal viewpoint of the citizens throughout England. The ambiguous characters of Charles Darnay, Madame Defarge, and Mr. Carton, work to show both the innocence and savagery of the revolution. Charles Darnay spent the early years of his life as nobility, but later transformed into a commoner. He, serving as an ironic foil for another Charles by the name of Dickens, voluntarily went from riches to rags in an attempt to connect any ties that he had with the Evremonde family. Dickens, on the other†¦show more content†¦Along with this, he also went to Paris when his old friend begged for his assistance. This may be seen as selfish because he did not consider his wife and child, but Lucie and their daughter had Dr. Manette, Mr. Lorry, and Mr . Carton to watch over them. Still, throughout this, his veins were filled with flowing Evremonde blood. Much like the actual revolution, if someone were connected to the aristocracy in any way they were considered malevolent and ultimately would be executed. The innocence of the ideals of the revolutionaries was irrelevant because of the way they went about achieving their goal. The overabundant use of inhumane treatments on those who were not in favor of the revolution is also seen in A Tale of Two Cities. An example of this is when Madame Defarge mercilessly wrenches the head of the governor of the Bastille. The mere fact that Charles has any relation to the nobility is an automatic assumption that he is untrustworthy, which ultimately led to what was supposed to be his execution. This ambiguity is present in multiple characters, all of which have an ill fate. In the early parts of the novel, Madame Defarge is seen as an innocent woman who owns a wine shop with her husband. â₠¬Å"Madame Defarge knitted with nimble fingers, and steady eyebrows, and saw nothing† (Dickens, 35). To an outsider, it would seem as though she was being muted and dutiful. ItShow MoreRelatedA Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens1420 Words   |  6 Pageshistory – the best of times and the worst of times. The violence enacted by the citizens of French on their fellow countrymen set a gruesome scene in the cities and country sides of France. Charles Dickens uses a palate of storm, wine, and blood imagery in A Tale of Two Cities to paint exactly how tremendously brutal this period of time was. Dickens use of storm imagery throughout his novel illustrates to the reader the tremulous, fierce, and explosive time period in which the course of events takesRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens1024 Words   |  5 PagesAt the beginning of A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens writes, â€Å"every human creature is constituted to be that profound secret and mystery to every other (14).† Throughout the novel, Dickens incorporates the theme of secrets to connect characters and add mystery to the story. The three characters with the significant secrets are Charles Darnay, Alexandre Manette, and Madame Defarge. Darnay, Manette, and Defarge are all of French blood, living in either France or England in the heat of the FrenchRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens1704 Words   |  7 PagesA Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens is a novel set during the time of the French Revolution in England and France. The Revolution is a time of great danger and constant change. Dickens’ novel expresses the theme of fate through metaphors in many different ways. These metaphors connect the fates of Dickens’ characters that are intertwined in some way whether they are aware of how they are connected or not. Charles Dickens illustrates to his readers that fate is predetermined as shown throughRead MoreCharles Dickens Tale Of Two Cities1079 Words   |  5 PagesFated Coincidences Charles Dickens was a distinguished writer during the 1800s and was inspired by Thomas Carlyle’s book French Revolution. Dickens was influenced by this book to write his novel Tale of Two Cities. Even though he wrote the book seventy years after the French Revolution, he studied many different books from two wagons from Carlyle which he sent as a joke. Throughout the book Tale of Two Cities, Dickens has a recurring theme of fate. Dickens illustrates that everyone’s lives areRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens1831 Words   |  8 Pagesthese horrific acts, there was a revival of French spirit after the Revolution had ended, in the sense that the French are resurging after being an inch from death. In A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens shows the reader that the general idea of resurrection can occur at any given point of time. The novel is set in two cities, London and Paris, during the French Revolution. The story begins with Mr. Lorry, an official from Tellson’s Bank in London, and Lucie Manette as they make their way to ParisRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens987 Words   |  4 PagesIn a Tale of Two cities. Dickens juxtapositions suspense and humor in a intricate tale of love and loyalty. The book takes place in the late 18th century, during the french revolution. the book is set in England and France, more specifically London and Paris. These are the two cities that the book centers around. In the city of London, the neighborhood of SoHo, and Paris, the french countryside, and city of Dover. b city houses, palace of Versailles. The house in Paris where the Darnay s stayedRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens1426 Words   |  6 Pagesanxiety, and misery, the French Revolution was a trying time for all involved, even the characters crafted by Charles Dickensâ€℠¢ imagination. Charles Dickens’ strongly enforces the hardships of this arduous era in his remarkable novel, A Tale of Two Cities, while exhibiting his keen ability to leave hints for the readers, allowing them to predict upcoming events in his skillfully fashioned plot. Dickens utilizes vivid imagery to construct menacing settings. He presents his characters as impulsive to indicateRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens1398 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Cruelty is a Result of Hatred Charles Dickens is a very famous novelist, who was born on February 7, 1812, in his home of Portsmouth, England. He was a very dedicated man with a great imagination, and he shows his writing skills in his book A Tale of Two Cities, a historical fiction that focuses on the French Revolution. In this book Dickens uses both atmosphere and imagery to describe how brutal and inhumane men can be to each other. He uses scenes of a man’s need for tyranny, a man’s needRead MoreA Tale Of Two Cities By Charles Dickens1301 Words   |  6 PagesThe famous paradoxical line throughout history, â€Å"It was the best of times, it was the worst of times†¦Ã¢â‚¬  captures the essence of the French Revolution. Charles Dickens, the Victorian age author of A Tale of Two Cities vividly captures the fright and upheaval of the Pre-Revolution time period. By evoking the French Revolution, love is evident throughout all characters in the novel. Love eclipses tyranny, poverty, and all ot her problems that sansculottes in the novel face as love cannot be taken awayRead MoreA Tale of Two Cities, by Charles Dickens1381 Words   |  6 PagesOf the extraordinary amount of literary devices available to authors, Charles Dickens uses quite a few in his novel A Tale of Two Cities, which is set during the French Revolution. One of his more distinctive devices is character foils. The five sets of foils are Carton and Darnay, Carton and Stryver, Darnay and the Marquis de Evremonde, Madame Defarge, and Mr. Lorry and Jerry Cruncher. Dickens uses foil characters to highlight the virtues of several major characters in order to show the theme of

Linear Structural Relations Analysis of Domestic

Question: Discuss about the Linear Structural Relations Analysis of Domestic. Answer: Introduction: The main focus of this research study is to explore the indigenous communities in Australia have or are being affected by the tourism activities in their area. The research is however going to narrow down and study about a particular community in Australia known as the Djabugay community(Choi Sirakaya, 2005). The Djabugay community is located near Cairns, which is Far North Queensland. The research has identified the Djabugay community as one of the strongest equity member or partner in the Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park(Colton Whitney-Squire, 2010). However, as we progress in the research, the Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park will refer to as the Park throughout the research. The park is found in Smithfield, Cairns. Some of the board members come from the Djabugay community while some of the members are also employees in this park. We will be using the word Djabugay throughout our research to enable us identify the main community being researched(Dyer, Aberdeen, Schular, 2003). The name will also help us to refer to the main language being spoken in this area. Dr Norman Tindale was the one who gave the park the name Tjapukai in the year 1938. The main reason for choosing to investigate the Djabugay community is because of its involvement in the tourism industry through the financial shares that it has in the Park. Many Djabugay members have complained about the hardships that they have been experiencing because of some bad state practices and policies in the area like dispossession and forcible removal of people(Henry, 2000). These are some of the social injustices that have prompted the research to be carried to establish the truth about such activities. The research will aim to provide adequate measures to help in solving these social injustices against the community so as to enable it benefit fully in the tourism activities economically for example being employed in the industry. Significance of the research The main significance of this research is to investigate the main roots of unsustainable tourism development in a developing country like Australia. We will base our special reference to the Djabugay community. According to research, many factors that have led to unsustainable tourism development in the Djabugay community are actually beyond the control of the local authorities and the people. Many of the tourism issues affecting the community are widely related to problems at the national level. According to(Hodgson Firth, 2006) some of these problems at the national level include; the role of international tour operators in the international tourism system, political economy policies, patron-client relationships between related business class and decision-makers, and finally the prevailing national planning approaches that are applied in the tourism sector. The research concludes that there is need for collaboration of international donor agencies and tour operators, confident decision making process, and hard political choices if a sustainable tourism development has to be achieved in a developing country like Australia particularly for the Djabugay community. The aim of this research is to actually gain a lot more insight into the perceptions of the Djabugay community about a sustainable tourism development in the area. The research will also seek to establish the views of the community on how the community prefers to implement the sustainable tourism programs in the area in a way that will benefit them more as a community. The research revealed that there are a number of barriers that the Djabugay community faces when it comes to the successful implementation of good tourism practices(Lopez-Guzman, Sanchez-Caniizares, Pavon, 2011). One of the main barriers to this successful implementation is that the community has is concerning unc lear lines of communication, mistrust of government policies, and poor administration of the tourism industry. Scope of the Study This research is going to explore the tourism impact on a particular Australian Indigenous community known as the Djabugay community. The traditional land of the Djabugay community is located near Cairns that is Far North Queensland. The participants in this research will be picked mainly from the Djabugay community which will include; the professionals, leaders, the women and the youths. The research will seek to know their opinion about tourism has had an impact on them. The research will seek to establish the major issues affecting the community whether positive or negative. The research will be conducted between April 24th to 30th. The period will be set aside to conduct a thorough research on the issue so as to come up with concrete findings. The findings will help in formulating strategies on how to address the issues raised or even improve some of the issues so as to enable this community top fully benefit from the tourism visits made in that area. Problem statement and objective The research will address various objectives. These objectives include; The research will seek to know the major impacts that tourism has on the Djabugay community. The research will seek to know some of these impacts from the perspectives of the Djabugay community as both community members and also as the employees of the Park. The second objective of this research will be to develop the best strategies on how to reduce the negative impacts while at the same time device a way of enhancing the socio-cultural and economic benefits that come because of tourism for the Djabugay community. To come up with the best research methods that will result into accurate findings from the community members. Accurate findings will enable the proper formulation of strategies to help in solving any matter that the community will raise during the research. Tourism activity is one of the activities that is carried out by many communities across the globe. These communities carry out this type of activity for different reasons. However, the tourism activity has had an impact on the Djabugay community in fulfilling the tourism activity(Nunkoo, Smith, Ramkissoon, 2013). Djabugay is one of the Australian communities that has been carrying out tourism in its region. The activity has been able to serve different purposes for the community. The tourism industry has had some impacts on the community, both positive and negative repercussions. Some of the impacts include the following; This is one of the impacts that tourism has brought in various communities. Several communities across the globe usually have traditional artifacts that they have designed used for serving different purposes in the community. These artifacts were made by various people since hence they are unique to the community(Ryan Aicken, 2005). This is one of the things that can attract different people from the globe to come and visit a specific country due to the artifacts that it has. This will depend on how the country is able to keep the artifacts in good condition. In Djabugay community, tourism has enabled the community to revive their artifacts. The community has various artifacts that have attracted different people from the world to come and visit the region. The community has been able to keep these artifacts in good condition by protecting them from any form of damage or even being stolen. The community protects these artifacts so that it continues to attract even more tourists to the community. This will enable the community to be able to conserve its traditional forms for future reference(Ryan Huyton, 2000). Therefore, tourism in the community has made the community to revive its artifacts. Various tourist attraction sites have always acted as an opportunity for some individuals to get jobs. Different people seek for work in the tourist attraction sites especially the immediate community to which has the attraction sites. In Djabugay community, tourism has assisted in creating job opportunities for various individuals in the community. The attraction sites have made different people to seek for employment opportunities since the community needs them to provide some vital information to the many tourists who visit the community attractions. The services that the people in the community give to the visitors are the activities that make the people of the community earn income. The individuals who have managed to get the jobs in the attraction sites can now adequately provide for themselves and also for their families. Tourism in the community serves as a job opportunity to the people by making them earn income that will be able to assist them in their lives(Ryan Huyton, 2002). Therefore tourism in Djabugay community has acted as a source of employment to various individuals by making them earn income. This is the positive impact that tourism has been able to create to the people in the community. In various communities across the globe, they base various activities based on the gender. Some consider the men to be superior to women while other communities favor women than men. This makes the communities to believe that each and every person in the community is equal. The gender relations have affected various communities in different forms. Some have brought positive results while others have brought negative results(Schianetz, Kavanagh, Lockington, 2007). This is based on the particular activity that the gender group is carrying out. In Djabugay community, tourism has led to gender relations among the people. There has not been a gender balance in the community based on the tourism activity being carried out in the community. The community has not been able to consider each and every person to be equal. This has made some individuals be neglected. This is negative impacts which tourism has brought to the community. The community is treats the people differently in accordance to the gender of each and every individual. This, therefore, brings in gender imbalance among the individuals in the community especially when offering services to the tourists. Most people that work in the tourist attraction sites are men as compared to women. Elimination of traditional authority structure In every community across the globe, there are numerous ways of carrying out community administration. The people were able to live according to the authority structure that had been put by the people in authority. Some of these structures have not been able to work through for some communities as they have changed their systems(Timothy, 2007). This is one of the impacts that tourism has brought into Djabugay community. The community has eroded its traditional structure of executing authority. Tourism has made the community to change the traditional ways of carrying out authority. The community tries to please the tourists that visit the region through their current administration(Zeppel, 2002). This is a negative impact that tourism has brought to the community. Various individuals will not be able to understand how the community used to carry out its authority in the community since the traditional structures have now been eroded to the satisfaction of the tourists. Income is the main thing that each and every individual always desire. Every person will tend to carry out an activity that will assist him or her to earn income to enable them to sustain themselves. This also implies to tourism, in the various regions where tourism is being carried out with the main objective of earning revenue(Tribe, 2006). The Djabugay community has been able to earn revenue from tourism as an activity. The tourists are often charged some amount for the services that they get in return. The charges are the income that the community gets in return. This is the income that the community gets from the tourists visiting the areas. Therefore this is a positive impact that tourism has brought to the community therefore promoting the development of the economy. References Choi, H.S.C. and Sirakaya, E., 2005. Measuring residents attitude toward sustainable tourism: Development of sustainable tourism attitude scale.Journal of Travel Research,43(4), pp.380-394. Colton, J.W. and Whitney-Squire, K., 2010. Exploring the relationship between aboriginal tourism and community development.Leisure/Loisir,34(3), pp.261-278. Dyer, P., Aberdeen, L. and Schuler, S., 2003. Tourism impacts on an Australian indigenous community: a Djabugay case study.Tourism Management,24(1), pp.83-95. Henry, R., 2000. Dancing into Being: The Tjapukai Aboriginal Cultural Park and the Laura Dance Festival.The Australian journal of anthropology,11(3), p.322. Hodgson, R. and Firth, T., 2006. The methodological and practical issues of conducting tourism research into aboriginal communities: The Manyallaluk experience.Tourism Recreation Research,31(2), pp.11-22. Lpez-Guzmn, T., Snchez-Caizares, S. and Pavn, V., 2011. Community-based tourism in developing countries: A case study.Tourismos: an international multidisciplinary journal of tourism,6(1), pp.69-84. Nunkoo, R., Smith, S.L. and Ramkissoon, H., 2013. Residents attitudes to tourism: A longitudinal study of 140 articles from 1984 to 2010.Journal of Sustainable Tourism,21(1), pp.5-25. Ryan, C. and Aicken, M. eds., 2005.Indigenous tourism: The commodification and management of culture. Elsevier. Ryan, C. and Huyton, J., 2000. Aboriginal tourism--a linear structural relations analysis of domestic and international tourist demand.The International Journal of Tourism Research,2(1), p.15. Ryan, C. and Huyton, J., 2002. Tourists and aboriginal people.Annals of Tourism Research,29(3), pp.631-647. Schianetz, K., Kavanagh, L. and Lockington, D., 2007. The learning tourism destination: The potential of a learning organisation approach for improving the sustainability of tourism destinations.Tourism Management,28(6), pp.1485-1496. Timothy, D.J., 2007.Managing heritage and cultural tourism resources. Ashgate. Tribe, J., 2006. The truth about tourism.Annals of tourism research,33(2), pp.360-381. Zeppel, H., 2002. Indigenous tourism in the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area, North Queensland.Australian Aboriginal Studies, (2), p.65.

Prostitution Essays (1341 words) - Sex Industry, Prostitution Law

Prostitution What is prostitution? Prostitution is the After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. This is from section one of the eighteenth amendment of the constitution, making alcohol illegal in the United States. To this day it is still the only amendment ever to be repealed. Why didn't prohibition work? Because you can't take away the publics right to sin and to live there lives the way they see fit. The same thing can be said for prostitution, which like alcohol consumption or gambling, is a victimless crime. Many say that one of the main reasons prostitution is illegal is because it might bring a bad element to the area that it takes place in, but if we look at other countries and cities that allow it this couldn't be further from the truth. Rollin M. Perkins author of the book Criminal Law, sites that while our government fights the war on prostitution attempting to make it completely illegal, other major countries such as England and Scotland only regulate the industry. Does this make crime run rampant in these other countries? Well England's crime rate is significantly lower than that of the United States, in fact a recent study showed that there are more murders in New York city in one day alone, than in all of one year in England. Contrary to popular belief prostitution is illegal in only forty-nine of our countries fifty states. In Carson City and Reno Nevada prostitution is legal but still regulated. There are houses on the outskirts of these two cities often referred to as brothels in which soliciting prostitution is as legal as going out to eat for dinner. The government requires that these houses be licensed, taxed, and even given a health inspection just like a restaraunt, and once a month a government appointed official will test every employee for Aids and other major sexually transmitted diseases. Every customer must use protection, and each brothel is protected by security guards as well as video cameras on the outside of the house, to insure no harm to the customers or the girls. Now I ask what is wrong with this? Crime in these two cities is no greater than in that of any other, and while many may have moral objections to these businesses, it is still every American's constitutional right to create there own opinion of what is right or wrong. Instead our Government has decided to continually fight prostitution even if it means ignoring its citizens right to due process. Recently a thirty-year-old Minnesota man was arrested for allegedly soliciting prostitution. Despite the fact that he hasn't even been convicted yet or even gone to trial, the St. Paul Police Department posted his name and picture on the Internet for all to see. (Which included his family, co-workers, and neighbors) Columnist Courtney Macavinta believes that this is a very controversial act: For law enforcement agencies, the Net provides a new venue to increase public awareness and deter crime through, among other things, humiliation. In addition, local newspapers increasingly publish daily stories online, including crime headlines. Still, cyberspace also makes this local information instantly global, sparking some debate over accused and convicted criminals' privacy. Perhaps more significantly, the trend brings up old questions about how crime reports should be handled in order to minimize harm to those who haven't been proven guilty, while making public information truly accessible. The issue of public record information being put online is probably the most difficult policy decision we will face. It presents choices between privacy rights and First Amendment rights. I'm not convinced that the (prostitution-related arrests) are situations in which we need to make the information global. There is a real potential for damage to a person's reputation when we're talking about arrest information. Our government is completely contradicting itself. It says we have freedom of religion and to decide our own moral beliefs, as well as the right to due process. Yet when it comes to prostitution our government throws these rights, right out the window. Even recent

History of African Americans

The readings that are going to be discussed in the paper tell the history of African Americans, their struggles for civil rights, and their integration into the social and political life of the country. The examples provided by the authors illustrate how a certain ethnic or racial group may be discriminated by the society and how they can become an inseparable part of the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on History of African Americans specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This progress can be explained by the political activism of black people. These are the main issues that should be discussed in more detail. To a great extent, they are essential for understanding the history of the United States. The history of African Americans is described by David Levinson and Melvin Ember. These scholars eloquently demonstrate that black people were often denied the right to humanity and for a long time the government was unofficially opposed to their integration into the community, especially at the time when the policy of segregation was adopted (Levinson and Ember 255). Very often they were excluded from political life of the community. Nevertheless, the collective effort of African Americans led to the elimination of official barriers that prevented these people from becoming full citizens of the United States. Their political activism led to the creation of the term African American which indicates that these people defended their right to be a part of American community. Nevertheless, one should not suppose that the socio-economic conditions of black people are not affected by the legacies of racism in the United States. For example, Ellis Cashmore acknowledges African Americans have achieved success in such areas as politics, economy, or army (231). Still, the studies indicate that black people may be discriminated in the workplace or courts. Certainly, the laws of the United States officially prohibit any form of racial prejudice. However, this bias can still affect the opinions and decisions of many people. This is one of the main issues that people should take into account. Apart from that, these reading show how a racial or ethnic group can integrate themselves into the political system of the country. In particular, James Jennings shows that in the early eighties, black community became critical for the success of politicians and they had to consider the interests of these people. Moreover, a great number of black people entered the House of Representatives and Senate.Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This progress enabled many black people to voice their opinions about the policies of the state. So, they were better able to affect the decisions taken by the government. Moreover, one should note that African-American politicians enjoy popularity among many vote rs who can be both black and white. Therefore, one can argue that the political power of African Americans has increased in the course of the twentieth century. Overall, there are several trends identified in the readings. First of all, in the course of American history, the government was rather unwilling to change its attitude toward black people. Only their political activism and unanimity enabled them to achieve a higher status within American society. Nevertheless, one should note that unofficial racism may still exist and it may affect the lives of African Americans. The questions identified in the readings are vital for understanding social or political issues relevant to American society because the population of the country grows in part because of immigrants who may come from different regions of the world. Works Cited Cashmore, Ellis. â€Å"African Americans†. Encyclopedia of Race and Ethnic Studies. Ed. Ernest Cashmore and Ellis Cashmore. New York: Routledge, 2008 . 231-232. Print. Levinson David and M. Ember. â€Å"African Americans.† American Immigrant Cultures: Builders of a Nation, Ed. David Levinson and Melvin Ember. New York: Macmillan 1997. 255-262. Print. This essay on History of African Americans was written and submitted by user Kristopher Barr to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Existentialism main ideas Essay Example

Existentialism main ideas Essay Example Existentialism main ideas Essay Existentialism main ideas Essay Man is condemned to be free; because once thrown into the world, he is responsible for everything he does. Jean-Paul Sartre states this, which happens to be one of the main ideas of an existentialists mind. Jean-Paul Sartre uses his play No Exit to show people the ideas of existentialism. Existentialism must first be defined before the ideas of it are shown. Those ideas are being aware of ones existence, freedom to make choices, to be responsible for ones actions and what they result in. The word Existentialism first appeared in 1941. It is a philosophy based on the situation of the individual in an absurd or meaningless world that humans have free will. Its roots are inside the works of S. Kierkegaard and F. Nietzsche. Sartre took it as a philosophy of human decision and views. It has been described as a Philosophical movement oriented toward two major themes, the analysis of human existence and the centrality of human choice.1 Others have also define it as a radical stress on the concept of identity. . ..2 Some has a more elaborate definition. . . .is the endeavor to understand man by cutting below the cleavage between subject and object which has bedeviled Western thought and science since shortly after the Renaissnce.3 However all of them tie into each other for the main idea is that as human beings; have free will to make choices, regardless of things that could otherwise stop us. The chief theme of existentialism, of course, is existence itself. Flowers, animals, and stones all exist. But people exist in a different way.4. To Sartre, to exist meant to be. What he meant when he stated this is that in order to exist, you must first be aware of your existence. He compared this to the action of counting how many of something there is. Using this he said that in order to count, it is necessary to be aware of counting5 . He went further to help his thought make more sense by talking about pleasure and that Pleasure can not exist before consciousness of pleasure6 In other words, Something cant exist before there is an awareness that it exist (this includes actions , items , people and ones self) With Sartres ideas and views in mind, he uses all of them inside the book. It is found almost as if Sartre said it directly to the readers. One example is the character Inez, thinking and reflecting on what life meant to her. As she does this, she realizes that her life is what she had been. Inez: One always dies too soon or too late. And yet ones whole life is complete at that moment, with a line drawn neatly under it, ready for the summing up. You are your life, and nothing else.(p.43) Making a direct statement to an existentialism idea, it appears that Sartre didnt mean for his message to go without notice. He bluntly places brief ideas that are apart of existentialism. Using the idea of the fact that one cannot helped but to exist whether they are conscious of it or denying it, He makes the character Garcin try to pretend to not be in the room. Inez then reminds him that . . . You can nail up your mouth, cut your tongue out but you cant prevent your being there.(p22) Sartre very own definition of being is a bit harder to figure out . . .The individuals unique pattern of potentialities. and that those would be a unique pattern for this particular person.6 Inside the play , he uses this idea by showing the many outcomes that can come from the threesome being stuck in hell, including leaving it. All of them can be saved, given different things by each other, but because of each of them being what the other needs, clashes with the chance of being saved and no longer being torturer or tortured. It becomes apparent that the idea of existence is a large message inside the play, for it shows there is even existence after death. Sartre, aside from how he felt about existence, felt that freedom of choice by all means meant that everyone has the freedom to choose and pick how they wanted to live their lives. Sartre once stated that My fear is free and manifests my freedom7 What that meant is that he chose to have fear and thus choosing to have fear in itself reflects his freedom. Inside the book, all kinds of choices were made. Inez: Estelle! I beg you, let me stay. I wont go, I wont go! Not into the passage. Garcin: Let go of her Estelle: Youre crazy. She hates you. Garcin: Its because of her Im staying here. (p42) When Garcin pulled the door open, he had the choice to leave. This could have resulted in the end of the torment and wouldve in turn become free. But he picked to stay because he wanted Inez to view him as a tough (a strong, real man). They all stayed in turn because what they desired stayed, bound into one another because of what they wanted. All this is based on the principle that each individual chooses what he wishes to be and expresses his choice in every aspect of his behavior. . . 8 Another idea that existentialists believe came with freedom is the idea that freedom to choose scares individuals to the point of denial. Garcin: So its you whom I have to convince; you are my kind. Did you suppose I meant to go? No I couldnt leave you here, gloating over my defeat with all those thoughts about me running in your head (p42) This was in turn , showing the fact that when Garcin had been granted a way out of the room he had been damned to , he didnt want to leave and felt like he couldnt, although, he very well could have. His freedom, open to him just as he had wish to gain, looked him in the face and he threw the idea out the window. Garcin, saying that he couldnt show that he had the freedom to convince himself that he could not leave, Supported the idea showed by all the characters in the book that they try to escape from this anxiety by ignoring or denying their freedom . . .9 Sartre believes that in the changing of ones path by ones desires. He felt that ones desires are the limitations that are place on ones freedom. . . . I project myself towards my ends. The recovery of former motives or the rejection or new appreciation of them is not distinct from the project by which I assign new ends to myself and by which in the light of these ends I apprehend myself as discovering a supporting cause in the world10 This idea appeared inside the play as each of the characters interacts with one another. Each one, chasing after something only the other could give to them. For instance, the character Inez chases Estelle because she desires her. Inez, preferring the company of a woman, chased Estelle while Estelle, preferring the company of a man, ran from her. Inez: Come to me, Estelle. You shall be whatever you like: a glancing stream, a muddy stream. And deep down in my eyes youll see yourself just as you want to be. Estelle: Oh, leave me in peace. You havent any eyes. Oh, damn it, isnt there anything I can do to get rid of you? Ive an idea. [She spits in Inezs face] There!(p.34) The fact that Inez wants Estelle is what keeps her from being free of her torture and suffering. But because of her desires, she will be forever damned to be in this same situation. Same applied to Estelle as she chased Garcin. Estelle: [raising her hand] Please, Garcin. Garcin: What do you want of me? Estelle: [rises and goes up to him] You can help me, anyhow Garcin: If you want help, apply to her (p.31) Estelle only desired for a man to hold and kiss her. This being the bases of her torture, Garcin wanted nothing to do with her. This cycle remained only by the limits that each of them set on themselves. Cause and Effect are things we implicit inside our lives by nature. There is a basic understanding that when things happen, it also in turn, has an effect. With having freedom, comes the responsibility of our actions and choices. Sartre believed that in all moral choices, one has to uphold one moral and disobey another.11 Sartre showed that all characters inside of the book were responsible for their placement inside hell. Garcin: Let that be. Its only a side-issue. Im here because I treated my wife abominably. Thats all. (p24) some felt that responsibility is the dark side of freedom. When individuals realize they are completely responsible for their decisions, actions and beliefs, they are overcome with anxiety.12 But to be responsible for ones actions didnt mean that one had to see the outcome of them. This does not mean, of course, that one must foresee all the consequences of his actions. The emperor Constantine when he established himself at Byzantium, did not foresee that he would create a center of Greek culture and langaguage , the appearance of which would ultimately provoke a schism in the Christian Church and contribute to weaken the Roman Empire13 This just meant that you didnt have to know what the result would be in order to be responsible for your actions. This idea is one of the bigger themes inside the book as each character had been introduced; each of them denied that they deserved to be damned to hell. The group in turn, realizes the wrong doing that dealt them their fate, and accepted it. The acceptance of the reality of their damnation is the taking responsibility of the deeds done on earth. Yet they could have never foreseen that the result would be hell (no pun intended) Sartre showed, all throughout the book No Exit, very big and apparent messages that are existentialism views. Sartre showed that one must be aware of ones existence, freedom to make choices, to be responsible for ones actions and what they result in. Each character inside the play in turn showed all these ideas in different forms and actions. This brings alive the statement made by Sartre saying that Man is condemned to be free; because once thrown into the world, he is responsible for everything he does.

Australian personal financial planning case studny questions, urgent Essay

Australian personal financial planning case studny questions, urgent - Essay Example The business needs of the company are different from that of its directors and running a company costs a lot. Neither Leo nor Spiro can claim the company as part of their estate, since none of them is the sole owner of the company (Small Business Development Corporation, 2010). (ii) Partnership: If Leo and Spiro would agree to go into partnership, this is simple and inexpensive to set up. However, both of them will be required to pay income taxes, and the assets of a partnership business may not be fully protected as that of a company. There may problems of secession plan because each partner has equal right to the business assets, and sharing this may bring some disagreements. The business needs of the partnership business are the same as that of the partners. Neither of the partners can count the business as part of his business estate, because they jointly own the business (Small Business Development Corporation, 2010). (iii) Self-Managed Superannuation Fund (SMSF): Both Leo and Spiro will act as individual trustees of the Fund; which means that they cannot receive salaries or wages for their duties. The assets of the Fund are different from the personal assets Leo and Spiro. SMSF is not expensive to run. Neither of the trustees can lay claim to the Fund as part of his estate. The trustees may decide to allow the Fund to cease operating if there are problems from running it. (iv) Discretionary Trust: Either Leo and Spiro may decide to set up a discretionary trust, otherwise known as Family Trust. The business needs of the trustee are the same as that of the trust. The trustee will be required to pay taxes on the activities of the Trust, for example, investing the trust fund in a business; taxes will be paid on the income from the business. The asset of the trust belongs to all the family members. There may be problems in secession planning, but it does not cost much to run a trust. And none of the members can claim it as an his or her Estate (Small